# GarageFly run report: `20260924-123832_60hz_hum_s4`

*Generated 2026-09-24T12:43:59 · condition **60hz_hum** · seed 4 · 30 s simulated (324 s wall)*

## Setup

- **Stimulus:** 60 Hz mains hum with harmonics, loudness-matched
- **Audio source:** `synthetic:hum:{'freq': 60.0}`
- **Playback level:** 85 dB SPL RMS at 1 m (track_rms); ambient noise 30 dB SPL
- **Speaker distance from start position:** 355 mm
- **Baseline (silent) period:** 0–10.0 s; stimulus period: 10.0–30.0 s
- **Brain:** sensory-motor mode, 52,547 neurons, 5,540,690 connections (FlyWire v783)
- **Software:** Python 3.12.13, PyTorch 2.14.0+cu130, MuJoCo 3.9.0, GPU NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3090

## Key observations (this run)

**Physics QA: passed** (no jumps > 1 mm per 10 ms; thorax height stayed 0.5–2.5 mm above the surface; max step 0.80 mm).

- Auditory Johnston's-organ neurons (JO-A/B, mean of both sides) fired at 29.1 Hz during the stimulus vs 2.0 Hz at baseline.
- Wind/gravity-sensitive JO-C/E neurons: 5.0 Hz vs 2.0 Hz.
- Mean walking speed was 11.53 mm/s during the stimulus vs 11.98 mm/s at baseline (-4%).
- Turning bias: -42.7 deg/s vs -46.5 deg/s (+ = leftward); freezing fraction 0.00 vs 0.00.
- Giant-fiber (escape) DN rate: 3.5 Hz vs 0.0 Hz; 5 escape-command episodes during the stimulus (0 at baseline). Each can trigger a takeoff unless the fly is already airborne or within the post-landing refractory period.
- Behaviour: walking 32%, grooming 0.0%, flight 68% of the stimulus period (15.0 takeoffs/min, 0.0 grooming bouts/min) vs walking 100%, grooming 0.0%, flight 0% at baseline.

> A single run is one stochastic sample. Differences between baseline and stimulus within a run, or between single runs, are not statistically established. Use `scripts/compare_conditions.py` over several seeds per condition for inferential statistics.

![run figure](20260924-123832_60hz_hum_s4_report.png)

## Behaviour

| Measure | Baseline | Stimulus | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fraction of time walking | 1.00 | 0.32 | -0.68 |
| Fraction of time grooming (body) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Fraction of time in flight | 0.00 | 0.68 | 0.68 |
| Takeoffs per minute | 0.00 | 15.00 | 15.00 |
| Grooming bouts per minute | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Righting events (fell over) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Mean walking speed while walking (mm/s) | 11.98 | 11.53 | -0.45 |
| Distance travelled (mm) | 119.91 | 620.00 | 500.09 |
| Fraction of time freezing | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Mean |angular velocity| (deg/s) | 46.70 | 43.24 | -3.46 |
| Turning bias (deg/s, + = left) | -46.49 | -42.67 | 3.82 |
| Fraction of time grooming command active | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Escape (giant fiber) command episodes | 0.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 |
| Escape command episodes per minute | 0.00 | 15.00 | 15.00 |
| Fraction of time escape command active | 0.00 | 0.32 | 0.32 |
| Mean distance to speaker (mm) | 326.24 | 374.76 | 48.52 |

## Neural activity: sensory input and descending output

| Neuron group | Baseline (Hz) | Stimulus (Hz) | Change (Hz) |
|---|---|---|---|
| JO-A (left) | 1.95 | 23.78 | 21.82 |
| JO-A (right) | 2.00 | 26.19 | 24.18 |
| JO-B (left) | 2.04 | 30.79 | 28.75 |
| JO-B (right) | 1.98 | 35.75 | 33.76 |
| JO-C (left) | 2.04 | 5.33 | 3.30 |
| JO-C (right) | 1.98 | 5.51 | 3.53 |
| JO-D (left) | 1.97 | 11.19 | 9.23 |
| JO-D (right) | 1.90 | 11.87 | 9.98 |
| JO-E (left) | 1.99 | 4.32 | 2.33 |
| JO-E (right) | 2.00 | 4.89 | 2.89 |
| JO-F (left) | 2.01 | 1.99 | -0.03 |
| JO-F (right) | 2.02 | 2.04 | 0.02 |
| DNp09 (left) | 30.78 | 30.99 | 0.21 |
| DNp09 (right) | 30.78 | 30.95 | 0.17 |
| oDN1 (left) | 46.17 | 48.07 | 1.90 |
| oDN1 (right) | 39.97 | 41.94 | 1.97 |
| DNa01 (left) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| DNa01 (right) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| DNa02 (left) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| DNa02 (right) | 6.20 | 7.29 | 1.09 |
| MDN (left) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| MDN (right) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| aDN2 (left) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| aDN2 (right) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| DNg11 (left) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| DNg11 (right) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| DNg12 (left) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| DNg12 (right) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| GF (left) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| GF (right) | 0.00 | 7.08 | 7.08 |
| MN9 (left) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| MN9 (right) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |

## Neural activity by FlyWire super-class (mean rate per neuron)

| Super-class | Baseline (Hz) | Stimulus (Hz) |
|---|---|---|
| ascending | 0.0000 | 0.0013 |
| central | 0.0003 | 0.0098 |
| descending | 0.1619 | 0.2996 |
| endocrine | 0.0000 | 0.0000 |
| motor | 0.0564 | 0.0855 |
| sensory | 0.1275 | 0.8585 |
| sensory_ascending | 0.0000 | 0.0000 |
| unannotated | 0.0000 | 0.0000 |

## Most responsive cell types (largest |change| stimulus − baseline)

| cell_type | super_class | n_neurons | baseline_hz | stimulus_hz | delta_hz |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| JO-B1_c | sensory | 22 | 2.08 | 42.74 | 40.65 |
| JO-B1_b | sensory | 27 | 2.03 | 33.77 | 31.75 |
| JO-B3 | sensory | 29 | 1.87 | 33.26 | 31.39 |
| JO-B1_a | sensory | 105 | 2.03 | 33.07 | 31.04 |
| JO-B4_a | sensory | 15 | 2.11 | 30.51 | 28.40 |
| JO-B4_b | sensory | 25 | 1.96 | 29.77 | 27.80 |
| JO-B2 | sensory | 36 | 2.06 | 27.61 | 25.55 |
| JO-A2 | sensory | 33 | 1.91 | 27.45 | 25.53 |
| JO-A1 | sensory | 21 | 1.99 | 26.85 | 24.86 |
| JO-A5 | sensory | 37 | 2.05 | 24.67 | 22.62 |
| DNg29 | descending | 2 | 0.00 | 18.82 | 18.82 |
| CB0478 | central | 2 | 0.05 | 16.52 | 16.47 |
| DNb06 | descending | 2 | 0.05 | 16.43 | 16.38 |
| JO-A4 | sensory | 2 | 1.95 | 15.28 | 13.32 |
| CB3876 | central | 1 | 0.00 | 12.55 | 12.55 |

## Most responsive downstream (non-sensory) cell types

| cell_type | super_class | n_neurons | baseline_hz | stimulus_hz | delta_hz |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DNg29 | descending | 2 | 0.00 | 18.82 | 18.82 |
| CB0478 | central | 2 | 0.05 | 16.52 | 16.47 |
| DNb06 | descending | 2 | 0.05 | 16.43 | 16.38 |
| CB3876 | central | 1 | 0.00 | 12.55 | 12.55 |
| CB3911 | central | 1 | 0.00 | 8.00 | 8.00 |
| CB3716 | central | 2 | 0.00 | 6.85 | 6.85 |
| DNp73 | descending | 2 | 0.00 | 6.65 | 6.65 |
| SAD053 | central | 2 | 0.00 | 6.58 | 6.58 |
| CB0344 | central | 2 | 0.00 | 6.50 | 6.50 |
| SAD013 | central | 2 | 0.00 | 6.38 | 6.38 |
| CB0033 | central | 2 | 0.00 | 5.55 | 5.55 |
| DNg24 | descending | 2 | 0.00 | 4.85 | 4.85 |
| CB1038b | central | 2 | 0.00 | 4.67 | 4.67 |
| DNp40 | descending | 2 | 0.00 | 4.45 | 4.45 |
| DNp18 | descending | 2 | 0.00 | 4.10 | 4.10 |

## Methods paragraph (draft, auto-generated)

A connectome-constrained leaky integrate-and-fire model of the adult *Drosophila* brain (FlyWire FAFB v783; 52,547 neurons and 5,540,690 connections in 'sensory-motor' mode; neuron parameters from Shiu et al. 2024) was simulated on a GPU at a 0.1 ms time step, in closed loop with the NeuroMechFly v2 body (FlyGym 2.1, MuJoCo 3.9.0). Audio (60 Hz mains hum with harmonics, loudness-matched) was calibrated to 85 dB SPL (RMS) at 1 m (track_rms calibration) and played from a virtual point source 355 mm from the fly's start position. Air particle velocity at each antenna was computed in 20 log-spaced bands (15–1500 Hz), including the acoustic near field and a cosine directional sensitivity. It was converted into Poisson firing rates of the FlyWire-annotated Johnston's organ neurons (JO-A to JO-E) through a resonant antenna filter and subgroup-specific frequency weighting. Descending-neuron activity (DNp09/oDN1, DNa01/DNa02, MDN, aDN2/DNg11/DNg12, giant fiber) was decoded into a two-dimensional locomotor drive for FlyGym's CPG-based controller, a grooming command (executed with measured front-leg grooming kinematics from an aDN-activated fly; Lobato-Rios et al. 2022) and an escape command (triggering an engineered takeoff-and-flight behaviour with externally applied lift; no wing aerodynamics). The first 10 s of each 30 s run were silent (baseline). Random seed 4.

## Interpretation limits

- JO transfer functions, playback level, decoder gains and the tonic walking bias are **arbitrary parameters** (provenance in the run's JSON metadata). Conclusions should be checked for robustness to them.
- The ventral nerve cord is not simulated. Walking is produced by an engineered CPG controller driven by a few descending neurons.
- No substrate (bench) vibration, room acoustics, active antennal amplification, neuromodulation or gap junctions are modelled.
- Grooming uses measured kinematics but has no antennal contact mechanics. Flight is an engineered abstraction (applied lift/thrust, attitude PD); its speed, altitude and duration are arbitrary.
- Full list: `docs/MODEL_LIMITATIONS.md`.

## Files

- Raw data: `20260924-123832_60hz_hum_s4.h5` (HDF5; behaviour, neural group rates, all spikes, stimulus)
- Metadata: `20260924-123832_60hz_hum_s4.json`
- Machine-readable summary: `20260924-123832_60hz_hum_s4_summary.json`